Abstract: Ageing in emerging countries where there is few access to pension and social security arises many questions for elderly and their families. This paper explores the effect of living with an elderly on youngsters’ education. First, I assume that characteristics that explain the arrival of elderly and influence educational decisions are time-invariant. By a fi xed-effect model, I find that the arrival of a male elderly signi cantly decreases youngsters’ school attendance, especially among boys. More-over, by a difference-in-differences model, I fi nd that the introduction of the 70-y-más non-contributed pension program among eligible elderly women benefi ts to girls’ education.