Mounu Prem, Cristine von Dessauer
Autocrats often control social organizations to disseminate their ideology. We examine the
Pinochet dictatorship in Chile (1973–1990), where conservative military forces controlled female social organizations to promote traditional roles for women as mothers and housewives.
Partnering with higher education institutions, the dictatorship delivered training programs
aimed at fostering domestic skills. Our findings reveal these programs facilitated women’s
entry into the labor market without changing their political views. Decades later, these programs are still linked to higher female labor force participation among women directly exposed
during the dictatorship and their daughters raised in democracy.